Hungarian (Magyar)

Hungarian is a Uralic language with about 15 million speakers in Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Ukraine and Slovakia. There are also many people of Hungarian origin in the UK and other European countries, the USA, Canada and Australia.

Hungarian is a highly inflected language in which nouns can have up to 238 possible forms. It is related to Mansi, an Ob-Ugric language with about 4,000 speakers who live in the eastern Urals, and Khanty or Ostyak, the other Ob-Ugric language which is spoken by about 15,000 people in the Ob valley of western Siberia.

The Hungarian people are thought to be descendants of the Onogouroi tribe, who were driven out of Siberia in the 5th century AD and then spent several centuries roaming the Eurasian steppes and fighting the various groups they encountered, such as the Romans, Franks and others. They eventually settled down in the area now known as Hungary (Magyarország) in 895-6 AD. Their language was influenced by Old Slavonic, medieval Latin and German, and also contains some Turkic loan words.

The earliest Hungarian literature, dating from the 12th century, was in Latin. Texts in Hungarian started to appear during the 13th century. The first book to be printed in Hungarian was published in 1527 in Krakow, Poland. Hungarian literature flourished during the 18th and 19th centuries.